Cross-border Cooperation in the Socio-economic Malindo Cooperation Between Indonesia and Malaysia: A Case Study Of North Kalimantan And Sabah In 2022

Abstract

Sosek Malindo Cooperation is a cooperation between Indonesia and Malaysia in the areas of socio-cultural, economic, commerce and transportation, security, and border control. In general, this collaboration seeks to improve border communities' welfare and quality of life that experience less attention and rely primarily on neighboring countries. To answer how the two countries are related, cross-border integration and cooperation approaches have been used in this research. This research aims to describe the success of cooperative relations between the two countries in terms of CBC aspects and a detailed understanding of cross-border cooperation. Analysis of several factors such as the Cross-Border Intervention Agenda, Cross-Border Governance Model, and Cross-Border Management Framework revealed that the Sosek Malindo cooperation is effective. However, it is important to note that this achievement has not been without its challenges.