Antiplasmodial activity of Kaempferia galanga extract against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice

Abstract

Malaria is still one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. Efficient treatment is by artemisinin and its derivatives. Anti-malarial traditional remedies still offer new tracks for identifying promising anti plasmodial molecules. Kaempferia galanga was one of ethno medicinal plant The ethanolic extract were assessed for antimalarial activity at 25 and 50 mg/kg. In vivo, anti-plasmodial efficacy was assessed by 7-day suppressive test in malaria murine models of cerebral malaria (Plasmodium berghei). Chloroquine (25 mg/kg) was used as positive control. Parasitized red blood cells were enumerated by giemsa staining microscopic methods. Hypothermia, macroscopic organ of liver, spleen and brain were evaluated. In vivo, for both oral administration of ethanolic crude extract K. galanga (25 and 50 mg/kg) induce minimal inhibition of the parasite growth. The extract caused 1.13%, 2.69% inhibition of parasitaemia at 25, 50 mg/kg body weight respectively while chloroquine cleared the parasitemia 83.29%. The haematological parameters of K. galanga prevent decrease (p<0.05) in HGB, RBC, PCV value compared to untreated group, and the extract was also prevent the increase of WBC count in treatment groups (p > 0,05) The results indicate that the ethanolic extract has minimal potent anti-plasmodia activity against P. berghei and necessitates further scientific validation to evaluate its potential antimalarial agents