Analisis Peranan Sektor Ekonomi, Sumber Daya Manusia dan Kesehatan Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Abstract

This study examines the roles of economic growth, human development, and health factors in explaining regional poverty. Using a quantitative approach with panel data from five local governments during 2015–2023, the study applies panel regression analysis and selects the Fixed Effect Model as the most appropriate estimator. Poverty is measured by the percentage of population living below the poverty line, while explanatory variables include economic growth, the Human Development Index, income inequality, population with health complaints, and access to proper sanitation. The results indicate that economic growth does not significantly reduce poverty, suggesting that growth alone is insufficient to improve welfare distribution. In contrast, human development has a significant negative effect on poverty, confirming the importance of education, health, and living standards. Income inequality is positively associated with poverty, while health complaints and sanitation show no direct significant effects. These findings imply that poverty reduction requires inclusive development strategies combining growth, human capital investment, and equitable income distribution.