Knowledge, Perception, Attitude, and Practice Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Among Healthcare Providers In Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practices (KPAP) regarding Artificial Intelligence (AI) among healthcare professionals to identify factors influencing technological adoption in clinical settings. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted at Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta, involving 118 healthcare providers, including physicians, dentists, nurses, and pharmacists. Data were collected using a validated online questionnaire. The instrument’s internal consistency and validity were established through a pilot study (n=30), utilizing Pearson correlation (r > 0.361) and Cronbach’s Alpha (α > 0.80). Statistical analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses to determine the predictors of AI integration. Results: Although the majority of participants demonstrated high knowledge levels and positive attitudes toward AI, actual clinical utilization remained minimal, with only 6.78% reporting high usage. Demographic analysis revealed that the 35–49 age cohort was significantly associated with positive perceptions (ρ=0.002) and attitudes (ρ=0.008), while the nursing profession emerged as a primary factor for higher practice levels (ρ=0.018). While a significant correlation was found between knowledge and practice (r=0.199; ρ=0.030), multivariate analysis indicated that knowledge, perception, and attitude were not statistically significant predictors of AI practice (p > 0.05), despite positive trends for high knowledge (OR = 1.918) and positive perception (OR = 2.435). Conclusions: A distinct "readiness-practice gap" exists where high individual awareness and positive intent do not effectively translate into clinical application. This suggests that the successful integration of AI in healthcare settings depends more heavily on institutional infrastructure and standardized policy frameworks than on individual professional readiness alone.