Analysis of the Productivity of Shovel and Haul Truck In Overburden Stripping Operations at PIT 3 Banko, PT Bukit Asam, Tanjung Enim, South Sumatera

Abstract

Productivity of mechanical equipment is a critical factor in overburden stripping operations because it directly affects coal exposure and production continuity. At Pit 3 Banko, PT Bukit Asam Tbk, overburden removal is performed using one Komatsu PC3000 shovel and three Belaz 75135 haul trucks. Operational observations indicate that production performance has not reached optimal levels, suggesting an imbalance within the shovel-haul truck system. This research evaluates equipment productivity using cycle time analysis, work efficiency calculation, match factor assessment, and Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) with FlexSim. Field observations show an average shovel cycle time of 3.44 minutes and haul truck cycle time of 20.9 minutes. Work efficiency is 51.39% for the shovel and 47.92% for haul trucks, reflecting considerable non-productive time. The existing configuration produces a match factor of 0.49 (49.4%), indicating significant shovel idle time due to insufficient truck availability. Simulation results reveal that increasing the fleet to six haul trucks improves the match factor to 0.987 (98.7%), creating a near-balanced system and minimizing idle time. Adding seven trucks results in overcapacity (MF = 1.15) and truck queuing. Therefore, six haul trucks represent the optimal configuration under current operating conditions. The integration of analytical and simulation approaches provides a realistic basis for improving overburden stripping productivity without additional major equipment investment.