Sikap Muhammadiyah Terhadap Format Gerakan Ekonomi Islam

Abstract

Islamic economics movement represents Islamic movement to apply the principles of syari'ah in an economic system, to demand for economic justice, to empower people economy, to establish the institutions supporting it. Syari'ah bank, takafful insurance, baitul Mal wat Tamwil, Islamic education and training (syari'ah) are the manifestations of the movement. It is not originated from big Islamic mass organisation in Indonesia, but from intelectual discourse and the Islamic activists in 1980s and found its momentum when Moslem is politically and economically supported by the ruling government. The momenturn is marked with the emergence of Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim Indonesia (ICMI) and bank Muamalat Indonesia BMI in 1990s. The development of the islamic economic movement takes place in various circles of Moslem. Muhammadiyah as social and religious organisation has of course the attitude and the strategy concerning to the issues of its people and its religion. Muhammadiyah and the advancement of its religion and the prosperity of people. The relationship is intersting to study, especially that related to the resurgence of the present Islamic economic and Muhammadiyah's view on economy. The problem necessary to answer are: 1. What is the attitude of Muhammadiyah toward Islamic economic movement ?; 2. What is the difference in the organisational commitment, public commitment and the attitude toward the form of Islamic economic movement among the leaders of Muhammadiyah in light of their regions ?; 3. Why has Muhammadiyah as a social organisation of very vast net work not put its priority on the strategic efforts in economy, especially in improving people economy. To answer the first and the second problems, a research has been conducted with 30 leaders of Muhamadiyah considered to be representative using a questionaire. The second problem is statiscally examined using independent sampel t-test. The third problem is analyzed socio-historically according to the existing references. An interview of some personels of PP Muhammadiyah is conducted to complete the study. It is found that essentially Muhammadiyah agreed the form of the islamic economic movement. The agreeing attitude reflects in its view and belief of tarjih Muhammadiyah committee. Because of the adherence to the majelis tarjih committee and the organisation commitment of the members of Muhammadiyah, it is indicative of strong enthusiasm. The statistic test proves the aforementioned result that the organisational commitment and attitude toward the form of Islamic economic movement does not show any significant difference. There is no significant difference in the public commitment. It indicates that there is individual freeedom in choosing the way to solve the public problem. Muhammadiyah Jakarta is more enthusiastic in objective-empirically considering the fact as compared to Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Related to the network and syari'ah economic system building, Muhammadiyah puts more emphasis on the personality and character building than on the Islamic economic and system. The main reason for it is that the material participation of Muhammadiyah is to do good deed pertaining to the matters of the social-hereafter (amal jariyah).