| dc.description.abstract | The number of cancer cases in Indonesia is projected to increase significantly by
2030. However, conventional cancer treatments face several challenges, including
drug resistance. Thus, discovery of new, effective, and affordable cytotoxic agents
is crucial to overcome the challenges. Marine sponges, particularly from Indonesia,
have been recognized as promising sources of potential bioactive compounds,
although these compounds are often produced by symbiotic microorganisms.
Among all microorganisms, marine actinobacteria has been reported as promising
source of cytotoxic compounds. Our previous study reported the cytotoxic potential
of marine sponge-associated Actinobacterium, namely BTA 1-131. To continue the
investigation, the present study aimed to isolate, identify, and investigate the
cytotoxic compounds derived from the Actinobacterium BTA 1-131. The
actinobacterial strain was rejuvenated by cultivating the isolate on medium broth
SYP. The bioactive compounds were extracted using ethyl acetate as the solvent.
The separation, fractionation, and purification of the bioactive compounds were
performed using preparative (HPLC). Cytotoxic activity of the compounds,
including its fraction, was evaluated against several cell lines: A549 (lung
adenocarcinoma), MG-63 (osteosarcoma), HeLa (cervical cancer), and HDFa
(normal human dermal fibroblasts). The secondary metabolite content in the
extracts and fraction was analysed using Ultra High-Performance Liquid
Chromatography–High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). The
putative structures of the active compounds were characterized using the MSDIAL
and MSFINDER platforms. The ethyl acetate extracts of Actinobacterium BTA 1-
131 demonstrated cytotoxic activity against A549, MG-63, and HeLa cancer cell
lines. UHPLC-HRMS analysis identified 280 compounds, including known
cytotoxic agents such as Antimycin A and Cyclo(phenylalanyl-prolyl), as well as a
novel compound (m/z 331.28; C15H34N6O2) found in both active fractions. Fraction-
20 showed moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values below 45 μg/mL across all tested
cancer cell lines, while Fraction-19 exhibited weaker activity but higher selectivity.
These results support the potential of marine-derived Actinobacterium as a source
of novel anticancer compounds. Further investigation and identification of the
active compound is crucial for future exploration of its therapeutic and cytotoxic
potential. | en_US |
