Evaluasi pengaruh tingkat kerusakan perkerasan jalan tanpa lapisan menggunakan metode URCI terhadap travel speed dan volume coal hauling (tonnage) pada jalan hauling tambang sta 09+000-29+000

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of unpaved road surface deterioration on vehicle travel speed and coal hauling volume along the STA 09+000 to STA 29+000 segment of the mining haul road operated by PT. Suprabari Mapanindo Mineral. The problem arises from frequent operational delays and decreased productivity due to unaddressed road damage, which significantly affects transportation efficiency in coal mining operations. A quantitative case study approach was applied, using direct field observations, condition mapping, and secondary data collection regarding hauling performance. The road condition was assessed using the Unsurfaced Road Condition Index (URCI) method, which evaluates seven types of surface distresses based on damage density and severity levels. URCI scores were then correlated with vehicle travel speed and weekly coal delivery volumes. The findings show that 85% of road segments achieved an “Excellent” rating with an average URCI value of 86.9%. After implementing targeted road maintenance based on URCI data, average truck speed increased from 37.16 km/h to 43.68 km/h, and weekly coal haulage rose from 62,599 tons to 73,203 tons. These results confirm that URCI is a reliable indicator for evaluating road serviceability and planning condition-based maintenance in mining logistics. The study contributes both theoretically, by demonstrating the extended applicability of URCI in industrial transportation contexts, and practically, by offering a decision-support tool for haul road maintenance prioritization and cost efficiency. Future research is encouraged to integrate URCI with real-time monitoring technologies such as GPS and IoT-based sensors for predictive road asset management.