Pengaruh faktor perilaku manusia terhadap kejadian kecelakaan lalu lintas di Kota Yogyakarta

Abstract

Traffic accidents remain a critical urban issue with wide-ranging impacts on safety and mobility. This study analyzes the trends, characteristics, and human-related causes of traffic accidents in Yogyakarta City from 2015 to 2024 using a descriptive quantitative approach based on secondary data from police records, statistical agencies, and population reports. The findings reveal a fluctuating trend with a significant post-pandemic increase in accident numbers, especially between 2022 and 2024. The average accident rate reached 149 per 100,000 population, while the mortality rate decreased to 6, with zero deaths reported in 2023 and 2024. Despite this decline in fatalities—likely due to improved emergency response and road infrastructure—the surge in non-fatal injuries indicates ongoing challenges in traffic safety. Young people aged 15–24 consistently accounted for the highest number of victims, highlighting their vulnerability due to inexperience and risk-taking behavior. Human factors, particularly disobedience, fatigue, and inattention, were the dominant causes of accidents during the study period. These findings underscore the need for integrated, demographically responsive road safety strategies, including traffic education, speed management, infrastructure engineering, and the application of enforcement technologies. The study is limited by the absence of complete data for 2020–2021 and its reliance on secondary data sources, which may involve reporting inconsistencies. Future research should adopt mixed-method approaches and explore predictive models using advanced statistical techniques or machine learning. Evaluating the effectiveness of safety policies—especially those targeting young road users—is also essential for designing more context-sensitive interventions.