Analisis produktivitas alat berat pada pekerjaan galian tanah (studi kasus: proyek pembangunan Jalan Prambanan-Gayamharjo)

Abstract

The construction of the Prambanan–Gayamharjo Road is part of the Presidential Instruction for Regional Roads (IJD) program, aimed at improving interregional connectivity. In its implementation, earth excavation work plays a crucial role and requires the optimal use of heavy equipment, particularly excavators and dump trucks. To support execution efficiency, an analysis of heavy equipment productivity is conducted by comparing ideal conditions based on literature with actual field conditions, in order to determine the most appropriate equipment combination in terms of time and cost. This study utilized primary data in the form of cycle time and equipment efficiency, along with secondary data such as equipment specifications, rental costs, and excavation volume. Field observations were carried out over 14 working days to directly collect operational data. The results showed that the productivity of the excavator was 142.294 m³/hour and the dump truck was 5.533 m³/hour. Based on these values, several equipment combination alternatives were analyzed to identify the most efficient option. The actual field condition required 669 days and a total cost of IDR 15,470,790,000.00. Alternative 1 reduced the duration to 465 days but increased the cost by 6.49%. Alternative 2 was the most efficient option, with a duration of 637 days and a slightly lower cost than the existing condition. Meanwhile, Alternative 3 offered the shortest duration, 120 days, but incurred the highest cost due to the large number of equipment used. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for planning the use of heavy equipment in similar construction projects.