Perbandingan penggunaan material batu belah dan blok beton untuk fondasi dangkal

Abstract

Using rubble stone for shallow foundations is common, but breaking down larger stones requires much manual labor and time. In areas like Pematangsiantar, North Sumatra, the availability of rubble stone can also be limited. Concrete blocks offer an efficient alternative for building shallow foundations. This study aims to determine the compression and shear strength of shallow foundations made from rubble stone and concrete blocks, and to evaluate their costs. Experimental testing was conducted in a controlled lab setting using samples of both split stone and concrete block foundations. Each type had three samples, with thorough documentation of the personnel involved, installation procedures, and materials used, captured via videos and photographs. The cost of producing each sample was calculated based on available data. Compression testing was performed using a hydraulic machine in the Structural Laboratory, with samples tested to failure. The results showed that the compressive strength of rubble stone foundations was 6.71% higher than that of concrete block foundations. Similarly, the shear strength of rubble stone foundations was 21.73% higher than that of concrete block foundations. Both foundation materials exhibited a high Safety Factor (SF), exceeding 45. The cost of producing a rubble stone foundation sample was IDR 809,416.70 per 0.864 m³, while a concrete block foundation sample cost IDR 475,810.45 per 0.435 m³.