Efektifitas Horizontal Flow Roughing Filter dalam Menurunkan Kekeruhan dan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) pada Air Permukaan

Abstract

Population increase densely spesially for Jogjakarta society in factly make surface water in filthy that caused by rain water that get into the raw water like a river. Until caused surface water to colour turbid and the containing solid mater load because there its as open channel. Pretreatment of surface water is therefore necessary to removal turbidity and total suspended solid before water go to the last treatment. One of the simple alternative pretreatment in numerous developing countries was passed the soil water through the filter. It's the contain material gravel size usually 24-2mm, with compare of compartemen 1: 2: 3 or is called horizontal flow roughing filter. Prefilter is not only a simple, efficient, and chemical-free alternative. Beside, do not need mechanicals equipment. This experiment used horizontal flow roughing filter reactor with height variation of medium size gravel and velocity. The first variation to use gravel with size (19; 15.8; ll.l)mm, and second variation to use gravel with size (11.1; 6.3; 2.3)mm, both to operated with velocity variation 0.3 m/hour, 0.6 m/hour, 0.9 m/hour. With wide of the surface reactor was A = 0.3 m² . Total height of sand layer medium h = 0.3 m. for the analyze of laboratory, nephelometric methode was used to measure turbidity using a turbidimeter. While analyze of laboratory for TSS use gravemetri methode. Based on the result of laboratory analyze, the removal efficiency of turbidity 72.43% and TSS 94.68%. Analisys statistic can be describe that gravel variation and velocity take influenced removal turbidity and TSS. The best of gravel are (11.1; 6.3; 2.3)mm with velocity 0.9 m/jam.